Rock Tunnel Drilling

[Pat Maufrais]

I wonder if the dynamite holes were drilled manually.
I believe the rotary hole drills had been invented in time for their use. They would have required air and power.
So, manual or rotary?
I guess they would have had to get the rock debris out as well. Muckers,mules, wagons, ore cars & track?
Any thoughts?
Thanks!
Pat